↓ Figure 1. HLH treatment timeline.
| Journal of Hematology, ISSN 1927-1212 print, 1927-1220 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Hematol and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website https://jh.elmerpub.com |
Case Report
Volume 14, Number 6, December 2025, pages 324-328
A Complex Case of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to Untreated Hepatitis C: Diagnostic Challenges
Figure
Table
| Sample source | Test | Result |
|---|---|---|
| AFB: acid-fast bacilli; CMV: cytomegalovirus; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HSV: herpes simplex virus; NAAT: nucleic acid amplification testing; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; VZV: varicella-zoster virus. | ||
| Serum | EBV NAAT | Detected, not quantifiable |
| Serum | HIV | Negative |
| Serum | Parvovirus IgM | Negative |
| Serum | CMV IgM | Negative |
| Serum | CMV NAAT | Not detected |
| Serum | Hepatitis A IgM | Negative |
| Serum | Hepatitis B surface antigen | Negative |
| Serum | HCV antibody | Positive |
| Serum | Blastomyces dermatitidis antibodies | 2.2 IV (Ref: ≤ 0.9) |
| Serum | Histoplasma antigen | Not detected |
| Serum | VZV by PCR | Not detected |
| Serum | HSV1 + HSV2 by PCR | Not detected |
| Serum | Meningitis encephalitis panel | Negative |
| Serum | HCV NAAT | 15,460,350 IU/mL |
| CSF | Bacterial culture | Negative |
| CSF | Fungal culture | Negative |
| CSF | AFB culture | Negative |
| CSF | Meningitis encephalitis panel | Negative |
| Bone marrow | Bacterial culture | Negative |
| Bone marrow | Fungal culture | Negative |
| Bone marrow | AFB culture | Negative |
| Sputum | AFB culture (× 3) | Mycobacterium porcinum |
| Blood | AFB blood culture | Negative |
| Blood | Fungal blood culture | Negative |