Journal of Hematology, ISSN 1927-1212 print, 1927-1220 online, Open Access
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Hematol and Elmer Press Inc
Journal website https://jh.elmerpub.com

Original Article

Volume 14, Number 1, February 2025, pages 26-31


Successful Second Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Using Total Body Irradiation-Based Conditioning for Children With Transfusion-Dependent Beta-Thalassemia

Figure

↓  Figure 1. Thalassemia-free survival.
Figure 1.

Tables

↓  Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Transplant-Related Parameters (n = 15)
 
Parameters of interest, n (%) First transplant Second transplant P value
ANC: absolute neutrophil count; ATG: anti-thymocyte globulin; BU: busulfan; CMV: cytomegalovirus; CY: Cytoxan; GvHD: graft-versus-host disease; PBSC: peripheral blood stem cell; SCT: stem cell transplantation; TBI: total body irradiation.
Age at SCT, years, median (range) 4.2 (2.0 - 9.9) 10.1 (5.3 - 13.8) -
Source of stem cells 1.000
  Bone marrow 15 (100.0%) 14 (93.3%)
  PBSC - 1 (6.7%)
CD34 (106/kg), median (range) 8.5 (3.0 - 12.7) 4.6 (2.4 - 20.5) -
Recipient weight (kg) at infusion, median (range) 15.5 (9.0 - 28.2) 24.9 (15.1 - 48.9) -
Conditioning regimens < 0.001
  BU, CY 8 (53.3%) -
  BU, CY, ATG 7 (46.7%) -
  CY, TBI - 14 (93.3%)
  CY, TBI, ATG - 1 (6.7%)
Donor → recipient gender 1.000
  Male → female 3 (20.0%) 3 (20.0%)
  Male → male 2 (13.3%) 3 (20.0%)
  Female → female 7 (46.7%) 7 (46.7%)
  Female → male 3 (20.0%) 2 (13.3%)
Time to ANC recovery, median days (range), number recovered 16 (13 - 27), 15 18 (13 - 22), 15
Time to platelets recovery, median days (range), number recovered 29 (15 - 54), 15 35 (19 - 96), 11 0.348
  Within 42 days 13 (86.7%) 7 (63.6%)
  Beyond 42 days 2 (13.3%) 4 (36.4%)
Graft evaluation at day +100 0.080
  Engrafted 9 (60.0%) 13 (86.7%)
  Primary graft failure - 1 (6.7%)
  Secondary graft failure 6 (40.0%) 1 (6.7%)
Acute GvHD (+) 1 (6.7%) 5 (33.3%) 0.169
Acute GvHD overall 1.000
  Grade I 1 (100.0%) 2 (40.0%)
  Grade II - 1 (20.0%)
  Grade III - 2 (40.0%)
Transplant-related toxicity during day +100
Hypertension 9 (60.0%) 12 (80.0%) 0.427
Seizure - 2 (13.3%) 0.483
Interstitial pneumonia 1 (6.7%) - 1.000
Hemorrhagic cystitis 2 (13.3%) 1 (6.7%) 1.000
CMV reactivation 3 (20.0%) 3 (20.0%) 1.000
Encephalopathy - 1 (6.7%) 1.000
Mucositis 1 (6.7%) 9 (60.0%) 0.005
Infections
  Bacterial 4 (26.7%) 3 (20.0%) 1.000
  Viral 1 (6.7%) 3 (20.0%) 0.598
  Fungal 2 (13.3%) 1 (6.7%) 1.000
Chronic GvHD - 1 (6.7%) 1.000
Graft evaluation at last contact < 0.001
  Engrafted - 13 (86.7%)
  Failed graft 15 (100.0%) 2 (13.4%)

 

↓  Table 2. Snapshot of the Cohort for Second Transplant Episode (n = 15)
 
Pt. Sex Age at transplant (years) Months to second transplant CD34 (106/kg) Conditioning Source Donor Growth factors Days to ANC recovery Days to PLT recovery Day +100 engraftment Ferritin (µg/L) T2* cardiac (ms) T2* hepatic (ms) %Mye (D +365) %Lym (D +365) Growth hormones deficiency %Mye latest %Lym latest OS (years from first infusion)
A: alive; ANC: absolute neutrophil count; ATG: anti-thymocyte globulin; BM: bone marrow; BU: busulfan; E: expired; G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Lym: lymphoid; Mye: myeloid; OS: overall survival; PBSC: peripheral blood stem cell; PLT: platelets; PriGF: primary graft failure; SecGF: secondary graft failure; TBI: total body irradiation.
2 M 7.4 65.6 10.66 CY/TBI BM Brother G-CSF 21 29 Engrafted 1,560 100 100 -ve 100 100 A, 20.6
4 F 11.9 119.7 2.51 CY/TBI BM Brother G-CSF 19 - PriGF 1,222 30.27 5.28 0.0 0.0 -ve 0 0 A, 16.6
6 F 10.6 96.4 2.56 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 16 36 Engrafted 684 100 100 -ve 100 100 A, 13.2
8 F 5.7 26.8 3.95 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 19 52 Engrafted 1,405 99.4 98.9 -ve 99 99 A, 2.5
10 M 9.7 82.1 4.57 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 13 35 Engrafted 470 100 100 -ve 100 100 A, 11.8
12 F 10.1 47.2 4.24 CY/TBI BM Sister -ve 20 96 Engrafted 1,057 100 100 +ve 13 41 A, 11.3
14 M 5.3 27.1 7.62 CY/TBI BM Brother -ve 22 30 Engrafted 3,833 12.0 58.0 +ve 100 100 A, 10.7
16 F 7.7 42.4 20.48 CY/ATG/TBI PBSC Mother G-CSF 13 19 Engrafted 4,051 30.2 2.72 100 100 -ve 100 100 A, 5.1
18 F 9.1 55.0 4.57 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 18 - Engrafted 1,356 - - -ve 100 100 E, 4.7
20 F 12.0 25.6 2.37 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 15 24 Engrafted 1,269 100 100 +ve 100 100 A, 9.4
22 M 11.9 32.0 2.77 CY/TBI BM Brother -ve 21 44 Engrafted 2,924 100 100 -ve 100 93 A, 11.2
24 F 13.8 125.3 4.94 CY/TBI BM Brother G-CSF 14 - Engrafted 2,793 36.45 1.5 100 100 -ve 100 100 A, 15.5
26 F 13.8 111.3 4.79 CY/TBI BM Father -ve 13 - SecGF 1,020 36.0 8.8 - - -ve 100 61 E, 9.6
29 F 9.9 39.2 3.96 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 19 29 Engrafted 2,028 100 100 -ve 100 100 A, 14.4
31 M 10.8 21.3 8.8 CY/TBI BM Sister G-CSF 16 58 Engrafted 1,504 100 100 +ve 100 100 A, 10.1