Combined Impact of Prior Polatuzumab Vedotin Plus Bendamustine and Rituximab Therapy and Myeloablative Conditioning on Early Post-Transplant BK Virus-Associated Hemorrhagic Cystitis

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14740/jh2010

Keywords:

BK virus, Hemorrhagic cystitis, Allogeneic transplantation, Pola-BR, Polatuzumab, Relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Abstract

Relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (R/R DLBCLs) have an extremely poor prognosis, with no established salvage chemotherapy currently available. Polatuzumab, rituximab, and bendamustine combination therapy (Pola-BR) has been approved as a new therapeutic option for R/R DLBCL. Recently, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies have induced long-term remission in many patients with R/R DLBCL. However, allogeneic transplantation remains potentially curative for patients unresponsive to the abovementioned treatments. While allogeneic transplantation can also cause various adverse events, hemorrhagic cystitis is a particularly severe complication that requires effective prevention strategies. Here, we report two cases of severe BK virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (BKV-HC) that developed after successive cord blood transplantation with myeloablative conditioning and Pola-BR treatment for early-relapsed DLBCL. Both patients received Pola-BR after undergoing multiple salvage therapies and developed early-onset BKV-HC post-transplant, demonstrating the effects of Pola-BR and myeloablative conditioning. We analyzed the shared characteristics between these two cases to distinguish between the factors that trigger the onset of BKV-HC and those that contribute to its severity. Based on the differences in the clinical course between the two cases, we propose prevention strategies for BKV-HC and identify treatment strategies for Pola-BR in patients with R/R DLBCL undergoing allogeneic transplantation.

Downloads

Published

2025-01-25

Issue

Section

Case Report

How to Cite

1.
Hayashi Y, Tsukada M, Shinoda D, et al. Combined Impact of Prior Polatuzumab Vedotin Plus Bendamustine and Rituximab Therapy and Myeloablative Conditioning on Early Post-Transplant BK Virus-Associated Hemorrhagic Cystitis. J Hematol. Published online January 25, 2025. doi:10.14740/jh2010